Insect Diversity and Abundance in Agroecosystems in Barangay Poblacion, Polomolok, South Cotabato

Insects are the world's most diverse group of animals on Earth in terms of both taxonomic diversity and ecological function. This study assessed species composition, and abundance and biodiversity of insects in the agroecosystems, determined insect endemism and conservation status, and identified threats and the relationship between physicochemical features and insect diversity in three agroecosystems in Barangay Poblacion, Polomolok, South Cotabato, Sampling took place during the wet and dry seasons, with daytime and nighttime sampling. A total of 1,557 insects were collected across three-sampling sites during wet and dry seasons. The insects were classified into eight orders, 23 families, and 28 species. During the wet season, Order Hemiptera preferred higher wind speeds and midday temperatures, while Orders Diptera, Mantodea, and Odonata were influenced by soil pH. In the dry season, Order Hymenoptera correlated with wind speed, and Order Mantodea responded to soil pH and midday temperature. Orders Diptera, Orthoptera, and Lepidoptera showed limited sensitivity to the environmental variables. The study highlighted potential threats to insect diversity in agroecosystems, including habitat loss, pesticide use, invasive species, and grazing animals. Future research should consider additional environmental variables, explore different agroecosystem management practices, and conduct long-term monitoring of insect populations. By understanding and protecting insect diversity, people can promote the coexistence of agriculture and biodiversity, fostering sustainable land management and conservation efforts.