"Antibacterial and Mosquito Repellent Properties of Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) Skin Crude Extract"

This study is aimed to assess the mosquito repellent potential of the toad's crude skin extract using the antimosquito assay, and this claim was validated by the characterization of the active components present in the extract. Results showed that the extract at 100% concentrations proved to be the most optimal solution to kill the mosquito in comparison with the control. The antibacterial assay potential however showed a negative result. The presence of chemical elements such as arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chromium as revealed by chemical analysis supports the zootherapeutic potential of the extract against mosquitoes. This showed that the toad's skin extract can prevent the outbreak of mosquitoes. It can also be gleaned from the present study that this anti-mosquito property is of valuable resource for further investigation that could promote the use of the extract as an animal-based solution against mosquito invation. Statistical analysis using Complete Random Design (CRD) showed that the mean values on the mortality rate of mosquitoes exposed to toad skin crude extract did not differ significantly from the mean mortality rate of mosquitoes applied with a commercial mosquito insecticide. This implies that the skin's crude extract is an effective mosquito repellent and can be used as an alternative repellent for mosquitoes.